FOOD SAFETY ISSUES, PROTECTION AND TRADE (WITH RESPECT TO MEAT PRODUCTS)

This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products. The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a "revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on impacts, for example, in terms of increased demands for feedgrains and the pressures for change within marketing systems? A supply-side response has been the continued development of large-scale, urban-based industrial livestock production systems that in many cases give rise to environmental concerns. If additional imports seem required, where will they originate and what about food security in the importing regions? How might market access conditions be re-negotiated to make increased imports achievable? Other important issues discussed involved food safety, animal health and welfare and the adoption of biotechnology, and their interactions with the negotiation of reforms to domestic and trade policies. Individual papers from this conference are available on AgEcon Search. If you would like to see the complete agenda and set of papers from this conference, please visit the IATRC Symposium web page at: http://www1.umn.edu/iatrc.intro.htmFood Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, International Relations/Trade,

Forage Testing & Marketing Program

Two thousand and three marks the 141th year for the Kentucky Department of Agriculture for testing forages. We continue to strive to offer a quality service to producers at the very least cost possible. After all these years we continue to charge only $10.00 per lot or cutting and have expanded our services to try to meet the needs of our forage and livestock producers. In January 2002, we introduced the testing of haylages and have expanded this to cover most of the haylage crops harvested in Kentucky. In cooperation with The University of Kentucky Extension Service, the department continues to offer a least cost ration-balancing program for beef cattle. The department once again offers the use of the Mobile testing vans to help promote and educate producers about the forage-testing program. The vans can be scheduled by extension personnel for events such as county fairs, field days, livestock meetings, etc. The Internet has become a reliable tool for most of us. In August 1999, the department developed an Internet web-site (www.kvagr.com) that became an agriculture information center and a user-friendly marketing center that includes forages. This site allows the producers to have their forages listed whether in traditional square bales, large rectangle bales, rolls, or haylages. Farmers can have a digital picture, nutrient analysis information, as well as the physical description placed on the Internet when the forage is tested

Hay Testing and New Marketing Program

The Kentucky Department of Agriculture (Hay & Grain Branch) Hay testing program is now entering its 13th year of testing hay for Kentucky producers. The Department continues to use NIR forage analysis equipment. The program has made many improvements and much information has been gained. We continue to strive for quality control and producing accurate results. Recently, many new updates have occurred. New hardware and software have been added, along with the recent purchase of a second hay testing van. By placing a toll free call (1-800- 248-4628) to the Department of Agriculture in Frankfort, we will find a convenient time to meet you at your farm to collect your hay samples. At the same time, you may have your hay visually appraised by the KDA sampler for characteristics such as maturity, color, odor, leafiness etc. The samples will then be added to the KDA database of hay for sale. It will also be included on the Department of Agriculture Internet web-site. Approximately 70% of all hay tested by the Department is not listed for sale, but will be used by the producer for feeding purposes. One new dimension that has been added is a joint effort between Kentucky Department of Agriculture and the University of Kentucky Extension Service to provide a beef ration-balancing program. Following receipt of the testing results, we can then calculate a least cost ration for your beef enterprises. All this can be obtained for a low fee of $10.00 per sample or lot. I believe that qualifies as one of the bargains of the 21st century

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationThe need for position and orientation information in a wide variety of applications has led to the development of equally varied methods for providing it. Amongst the alternatives, inertial navigation is a solution that o ffers self-contained operation and provides angular rate, orientation, acceleration, velocity, and position information. Until recently, the size, cost, and weight of inertial sensors has limited their use to vehicles with relatively large payload capacities and instrumentation budgets. However, the development of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) inertial sensors now o ers the possibility of using inertial measurement in smaller, even human-scale, applications. Though much progress has been made toward this goal, there are still many obstacles. While operating independently from any outside reference, inertial measurement su ers from unbounded errors that grow at rates up to cubic in time. Since the reduced size and cost of these new miniaturized sensors comes at the expense of accuracy and stability, the problem of error accumulation becomes more acute. Nevertheless, researchers have demonstrated that useful results can be obtained in real-world applications. The research presented herein provides several contributions to the development of human-scale inertial navigation. A calibration technique allowing complex sensor models to be identified using inexpensive hardware and linear solution techniques has been developed. This is shown to provide significant improvements in the accuracy of the calibrated outputs from MEMS inertial sensors. Error correction algorithms based on easily identifiable characteristics of the sensor outputs have also been developed. These are demonstrated in both one- and three-dimensional navigation. The results show significant improvements in the levels of accuracy that can be obtained using these inexpensive sensors. The algorithms also eliminate empirical, application-specific simplifications and heuristics, upon which many existing techniques have depended, and make inertial navigation a more viable solution for tracking the motion around us

Documentation of the current fault detection, isolation and reconfiguration software of the AIPS fault-tolerant processor

Documentation is presented of the December 1986 version of the ADA code for the fault detection, isolation, and reconfiguration (FDIR) functions of the Advanced Information processing System (AIPS) Fault-Tolerant Processor (FTP). Because the FTP is still under development and the software is constantly undergoing changes, this should not be considered final documentation of the FDIR software of the FTP

A Comparison Between The Direction of Tornado Movement and the Associated 500 mb. Level Wind Direction

An investigation to ( 1) determine the 500-milli-bar level weather patterns associated with tornadoes moving from northwest toward southeast and from southwest toward northeast and, (2) show the significance of the contrasts between the 500-mb. level weather patterns of the two tornado types. A very high relationship between the direction of the 500-mb. level winds and the tornado direction was substantiated by a coefficient of correlation of +0.88. The typical 500-mb. level low center associated with the northwest to southeast type tornado was located over Hudson Bay about 1300 miles north-northeast of the tornado area. The low center associated with the southwest to northeast type tornado was positioned over northeast Montana about 900 miles northwest of the tornado area

The Effects of Higher Education/Military Service on Achievement Levels of Police Academy Cadets.

Non

The Foreign Direct Investment Regulations, 1973: Balance of Payments Remedy or Regulation of Multinational Corporations?

This Article proposes to examine the gradual changes that have occurred in the Regulations since their inception and to raise the question whether the original purpose of the Regulations has been forgotten. This writer suggests the possibility that the main purpose of the controls is no longer to remedy the balance of payments deficit, but to observe and regulate the large U.S. based multi-national corporations

Studies of Reaction Processes for Voloxidation Methods

Various facets of the voloxidation process and processes that have been derived from the voloxidation process have been investigated since its development over four decades ago. Despite the numerous studies performed, gaps remain in understanding of particular fundamental aspects of the reaction processes. In this work, several of these specific aspects of the oxidation processes for standard voloxidation and NO2 [nitrogen dioxide] voloxidation are studied experimentally and modeled. In the case of standard voloxidation, the oxidation rates of simulant UO­2 [uranium dioxide] pressurized water reactor pellets in oxygen-rich environments were studied with an emphasis on the controlling phenomena for the reaction and the influence of cladding on these phenomena. Parametric isolation experiments for the oxidation of UO2 pellets using thermogravimetric analysis were employed in which oxidant concentration, temperature, gas flow rate, and effect of cladding were studied. To supplement the thermogravimetric experiments, the reaction interface was characterized using neutron diffraction to validate assumptions for model development. From these experiments, a model approach is derived for the oxidation of clad UO2 pellets during voloxidation. This work provides needed insight into the influence of various parameters on oxidation rate and reveals the potential controlling phenomena and their parameter dependencies to allow for improved process design. Advanced NO2 voloxidation, unlike standard voloxidation, is a novel process only recently proposed and thus there is much to investigate. The NO2 voloxidation experiments and reaction models presented focus on the oxidation process of U3O8 [triuranium octoxide] to UO3 [uranium trioxide]. A structure for the ε [epsilon]-UO3 polymorph is proposed and employed for in situ X-ray diffraction studies for quantitative analysis to determine reaction rates and reaction mechanism. The data collected were modeled using a phenomena-based approach to propose the controlling mechanism for reaction. From the findings of the research presented, a better understanding of the oxidation process of U3O8 to UO3 by NO2 was achieved